1 Samuel 2

King James Version

Full text for 1 Samuel Chapter 2

1¶ And Hannah prayed, and said, My heart rejoiceth in the LORD, mine horn is exalted in the LORD: my mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; because I rejoice in thy salvation.

2[There is] none holy as the LORD: for [there is] none beside thee: neither [is there] any rock like our God.

3Talk no more so exceeding proudly; let [not] arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the LORD [is] a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed.

4The bows of the mighty men [are] broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.

5[They that were] full have hired out themselves for bread; and [they that were] hungry ceased: so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed feeble.

6The LORD killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up.

7The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.

8He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, [and] lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set [them] among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth [are] the LORD'S, and he hath set the world upon them.

9He will keep the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall be silent in darkness; for by strength shall no man prevail.

10The adversaries of the LORD shall be broken to pieces; out of heaven shall he thunder upon them: the LORD shall judge the ends of the earth; and he shall give strength unto his king, and exalt the horn of his anointed.

11¶ And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto the LORD before Eli the priest.

12Now the sons of Eli [were] sons of Belial; they knew not the LORD.

13And the priests' custom with the people [was, that], when any man offered sacrifice, the priest's servant came, while the flesh was in seething, with a fleshhook of three teeth in his hand;

14And he struck [it] into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither.

15Also before they burnt the fat, the priest's servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed, Give flesh to roast for the priest; for he will not have sodden flesh of thee, but raw.

16And [if] any man said unto him, Let them not fail to burn the fat presently, and [then] take [as much] as thy soul desireth; then he would answer him, [Nay]; but thou shalt give [it me] now: and if not, I will take [it] by force.

17Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the LORD: for men abhorred the offering of the LORD.

18But Samuel ministered before the LORD, [being] a child, girded with a linen ephod.

19Moreover his mother made him a little coat, and brought [it] to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice.

20And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, The LORD give thee seed of this woman for the loan which is lent to the LORD. And they went unto their own home.

21And the LORD visited Hannah, so that she conceived, and bare three sons and two daughters. And the child Samuel grew before the LORD.

22Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled [at] the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

23And he said unto them, Why do ye such things? for I hear of your evil dealings by all this people.

24Nay, my sons; for [it is] no good report that I hear: ye make the LORD'S people to transgress.

25If one man sin against another, the judge shall judge him: but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall intreat for him? Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.

26And the child Samuel grew on, and was in favour both with the LORD, and also with men.

27¶ And there came a man of God unto Eli, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Did I plainly appear unto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in Pharaoh's house?

28And did I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel [to be] my priest, to offer upon mine altar, to burn incense, to wear an ephod before me? and did I give unto the house of thy father all the offerings made by fire of the children of Israel?

29Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded [in my] habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?

30Wherefore the LORD God of Israel saith, I said indeed [that] thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: but now the LORD saith, Be it far from me; for them that honour me I will honour, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed.

31Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.

32And thou shalt see an enemy [in my] habitation, in all [the wealth] which [God] shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever.

33And the man of thine, [whom] I shall not cut off from mine altar, [shall be] to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age.

34And this [shall be] a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die both of them.

35And I will raise me up a faithful priest, [that] shall do according to [that] which [is] in mine heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever.

36And it shall come to pass, [that] every one that is left in thine house shall come [and] crouch to him for a piece of silver and a morsel of bread, and shall say, Put me, I pray thee, into one of the priests' offices, that I may eat a piece of bread.

AI Analysis

AI Summaries

Short Summary

Hannah offers a profound prayer of thanksgiving, exalting God's power to reverse fortunes and judge the earth. Concurrently, Eli's wicked sons, Hophni and Phinehas, abuse their priestly duties, causing people to despise the Lord's offerings. A man of God then prophesies severe judgment upon Eli's house for their iniquity, declaring their priestly line will be cut off, while Samuel continues to grow in favor with God and men.

Medium Summary

The chapter opens with Hannah's prayer, a profound song of praise to the Lord, acknowledging His holiness, power to humble the proud and exalt the lowly, and His ultimate judgment over all the earth. Following this, the narrative shifts to the household of Eli, where his sons, Hophni and Phinehas, are depicted as corrupt priests who disregard the Lord and exploit the sacrificial system for personal gain, even engaging in immorality at the tabernacle. Their actions lead the people to abhor the Lord's offerings. In contrast, young Samuel faithfully ministers before the Lord, growing in stature and favor. Eli attempts to rebuke his sons, but they refuse to listen, for the Lord had determined to bring judgment upon them. Consequently, a man of God delivers a severe prophecy to Eli, condemning his failure to restrain his sons and their desecration of God's sacrifices. The prophecy declares that Eli's priestly line will be cut off, his sons will die on the same day, and God will raise up a faithful priest in their stead.

Long Summary

First Samuel chapter two opens with Hannah's magnificent prayer of thanksgiving, a prophetic song that extols the Lord's holiness, omnipotence, and righteous judgment. She declares that God reverses fortunes, breaking the bows of the mighty while strengthening the weak, making rich and poor, and bringing low and lifting up. This prayer also foreshadows the coming of God's "king" and "anointed." Following this profound declaration, the narrative transitions to the contrasting behavior of Eli's sons, Hophni and Phinehas, who are described as "sons of Belial" who knew not the Lord. These priests flagrantly abused their office, taking the best portions of the sacrifices for themselves before the fat was offered to God, and even doing so by force. Their corrupt practices caused the people to despise the offerings of the Lord. In stark contrast to their wickedness, young Samuel faithfully ministered before the Lord, growing in favor with both God and men. Eli, though old, eventually heard of his sons' egregious sins, including their immorality with women at the tabernacle entrance. He rebuked them, warning them of the severity of sinning against the Lord, but they refused to heed his words, as the Lord had purposed their destruction. Subsequently, a "man of God" appeared to Eli, delivering a divine message of judgment. The prophet reminded Eli of God's covenant with his ancestral house and condemned him for honoring his sons above God by allowing them to grow fat on the offerings. The prophecy declared that the strength of Eli's house would be cut off, ensuring no old man would remain in his lineage. As a sign, both Hophni and Phinehas would die on the same day. Furthermore, God promised to raise up a faithful priest who would serve according to His heart and mind, establishing a sure house for him. The prophecy concludes with the grim fate of Eli's remaining descendants, who would be reduced to begging for a meager priestly office for sustenance.

Core Concepts

  • Divine Reversal of FortuneHannah's prayer highlights God's power to humble the proud, exalt the lowly, make rich and poor, and bring down to the grave and raise up, demonstrating His control over all circumstances.
  • Abuse of Priestly OfficeEli's sons, Hophni and Phinehas, are depicted as corrupt priests who desecrate the sacrificial system by taking the best portions for themselves by force, causing the people to despise the Lord's offerings.
  • God's Sovereignty in JudgmentThe chapter illustrates God's ultimate authority to bring judgment upon those who despise Him, as demonstrated by the severe prophecy against Eli's house and the predetermined fate of his sons.
  • Faithful Ministry vs. CorruptionA clear contrast is drawn between Samuel's diligent and reverent service to the Lord from childhood and the irreverent, self-serving, and immoral actions of Eli's sons.
  • Consequences of DisobedienceEli's failure to restrain his sons' wickedness, and their own refusal to heed his rebuke, leads to the divine pronouncement of the cutting off of their priestly line and the death of his sons.
  • The Anointed King/PriestHannah's prophetic mention of God giving strength to "his king" and exalting "his anointed," alongside the later promise of God raising up a "faithful priest," foreshadows future divinely appointed leadership.